uvf gusty spence funeral

Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Dozens of girls treated after new Iran poisonings, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, Ed Sheeran says wife developed tumour in pregnancy, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Covid origin likely China lab incident - FBI chief, Man survives 31 days in jungle by eating worms, Havana Syndrome unlikely to have hostile cause - US. This era also saw a more widespread targeting on the UVF's part of IRA and Sinn Fin members, beginning with the killing of senior IRA member Larry Marley[62] and a failed attempt on the life of a leading republican which left three Catholic civilians dead. [49] A political wing was formed in June 1974, the Volunteer Political Party led by UVF Chief of Staff Ken Gibson, which contested West Belfast in the October 1974 general election, polling 2,690 votes (6%). Gusty Spence, who has died aged 78, was the . Gusty Spence (1933-2011) was a Loyalist paramilitary volunteer, a founding member and early leader of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). [54] The number of killings in Northern Ireland had decreased from around 300 per year between 1973 and 1976 to just under 100 in the years 19771981. According to Billy Mitchell, Spence quizzed him and others sent to the Maze about why they were there, seeking an ideological answer to his question. Gusty Spence announced the loyalist paramilitary ceasefires in 1994, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. [58], The UVF's nickname is "Blacknecks", derived from their uniform of black polo neck jumper, black trousers, black leather jacket, black forage cap, along with the UVF badge and belt. DeSantis won't say he's running. So when her husband had first made contact with Mr Spence "it was like talking to someone we had always known". It comprises high-ranking officers under a Chief of Staff or Brigadier-General. During its 12 July 1967 march, the Orange lodge to which he belonged stopped outside the prison in tribute to him. [citation needed], On 26 March 2022, the UVF was linked to a hoax bomb alert at a bar in Warrenpoint, County Down. Spence told Radio Ulster that the UVF had been "engaged in murder, attempted murder of civilians, attempted murder of police officers. Eleven years ago he was forced out of his home on the Shankill Road by Johnny Adair's gang during one of the many loyalist paramilitary feuds. Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British Army soldier from Northern Ireland.The group undertook an armed campaign of almost thirty years during The Troubles.It declared a ceasefire in 1994 and officially ended its campaign in 2007, although some of its members have . The UVF stated that the attempted attack was a protest against the Irish Army units "still massed on the border in County Donegal". Another former PUP leader, Dawn Purvis, said Spence's opinions began to shift sooner than is generally perceived. According to the Belfast Telegraph, "70 separate police intelligence reports implicating the north Belfast UVF man in dealing cannabis, Ecstasy, amphetamines and cocaine. Edward's son Ronnie was active in the Official IRA and then the INLA, serving a sentence on the INLA wing of the Maze prison while his uncle was on the UVF wing. [125] Historically, the number of active UVF members in July 1971 was stated by one source to be no more than 20. Save up to 70% with our image packs Pre-pay for multiple images and download on demand. It was during his time in the Maze prison that Spence began to talk politics and encouraged others to do the same. However, the UVF spurned the government efforts and continued killing. The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group. [28], By 1969, the Catholic civil rights movement had escalated its protest campaign, and O'Neill had promised them some concessions. He was buried in Bangor.[57][58]. During this time he restructured the organisation into brigades, battalions, companies, platoons and sections. Wright is believed to have dealt mainly in Ecstasy tablets in the early 90s. RT.ie is the website of Raidi Teilifs ireann, Ireland's National Public Service Media. Secret memo says explosives were shipped in small boats", "The Canadian Dimension to the Northern Ireland Conflict", "BBC - The Devenport Diaries: Remembering Billy Wright", "Sutton Index of Deaths: Crosstabulations (two-way tables)", "Sutton Index of Deaths: Status of the person killed", CAIN University of Ulster Conflict Archive, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulster_Volunteer_Force&oldid=1142049756, May 1966 present (on ceasefire since October 1994; officially ended armed campaign in May 2007), Unnamed Chief of Staff (1974 October 1975). [40] These were all subordinate to the Brigade Staff. Slowly. [145], Scotland was a source of funding and aid, supplying explosives and guns. [23] Tim Pat Coogan has described Spence as a "loyalist folk hero". Blood and rage: a cultural history of terrorism, "Granddaughter of victim says Gusty Spence was not a peacemaker", "Shankill shuts to pay its respects to UVF chief Gusty Spence", BBC News, Thursday, 3 May 2007, "Loyalist veteran's path to peace", Murders of Andrew Robb and David McIlwaine, Ulster Loyalist Central Co-ordinating Committee, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gusty_Spence&oldid=1136743955, Loyalists imprisoned during the Northern Ireland conflict, People convicted of murder by Northern Ireland, People from Northern Ireland convicted of murder, Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Northern Ireland, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Hiberno-English, Pages using infobox person with multiple parents, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 31 January 2023, at 22:44. [121][122] The UVF did not return to regular bombings until the early 1990s when it obtained a quantity of the mining explosive Powergel. These included the Miami Showband killings of 31 July 1975 when three members of the popular showband were killed, having been stopped at a fake British Army checkpoint outside Newry in County Down. [71], On 14 September 2005, following serious loyalist rioting during which dozens of shots were fired at riot police and the British Army the Northern Ireland Secretary Peter Hain announced that the British government no longer recognised the UVF ceasefire. What's he waiting for? But he was also credited with being a driving force in delivering the loyalist ceasefires of the mid-1990s that helped bring an end to the decades of conflict. He then became involved in politics and announced the landmark loyalist paramilitary ceasefires in 1994. [75] This was to take effect from midnight. [38] This came to a climax on 4 December, when the UVF bombed McGurk's Bar, a Catholic-owned pub in Belfast. "Overstating and Misjudging the Prospects of Civil War: The Ulster Volunteer Force and the Irish Volunteers in the Home Rule Crisis, 19121914." The Irish Army set up field hospitals near the border. [89] The UVF leader in East Belfast, who is popularly known as the "Beast of the East" and "Ugly Doris" also known as by real name Stephen Matthews, ordered the attack on Catholic homes and a church in the Catholic enclave of the Short Strand. [36] Catholic churches were also attacked. He was sworn in soon afterwards in a ceremony held in secret near Pomeroy, County Tyrone. [31], The UVF had launched its first attack in the Republic of Ireland on 5 August 1969, when it bombed the RT Television Centre in Dublin. Two of those later convicted (James McDowell and Thomas Crozier) were also serving members of the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR), a part-time, locally recruited regiment of the British Army. [46] A few days after the announcement, Spence made a trip to the United States along with the PUP's David Ervine and Billy Hutchinson and the UDP's McMichael, Adams and Joe English. Ontario is to Ulster Protestants what Boston is to Irish Catholics." Hundreds of mourners have attended the funeral of the former loyalist leader Gusty Spence. Accueil / Non class / gusty spence funeral; 15 Sep 0. gusty spence funeral . [63], The UVF also attacked republican paramilitaries and political activists. In keeping with his wishes, there will be no UVF trappings and his coffin will be draped in the regimental flag of the Royal Ulster Rifles in which he served. [93] Much of the UVF's orchestration was carried out by its senior members in East Belfast, where many attacks on the PSNI and on residents of the Short Strand enclave took place. "[18], In November 2013, after a series of shootings and acts of intimidation by the UVF, Police Federation Chairman Terry Spence declared that the UVF ceasefire was no longer active. Gusty Spence reading the 2007 UVF 'weapons beyond use' statement in Belfast. Two Ulster Unionist Assembly members, Michael McGimpsey and Mike Neabitt, were among the mourners at the funeral. It issued a statement vowing to "remove republican elements from loyalist areas" and stop them "reaping financial benefit therefrom". The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. [66] The UVF also killed senior IRA paramilitary members Liam Ryan, John 'Skipper' Burns and Larry Marley. [83], The UVF was blamed for the shotgun killing of expelled RHC member Bobby Moffett on the Shankill Road on the afternoon of 28 May 2010, in front of passers-by including children. [108], The UVF's stated goal was to combat Irish republicanism particularly the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) and maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. The first British soldier to be killed by the Provisional IRA died in February 1971. [47] Spence went on to become a leading advocate for the Good Friday Agreement. ", Patsy McGarry is Religious Affairs Correspondent of The Irish Times, Major emergency declared at Wexford General Hospital following fire, Detectives revisit scene where PSNI officer was shot, appealing for further information, Welsh minister launches Welsh language programme at Dublin Gaelscoil, Ferry operator floats idea of green lanes on Dublin-Holyhead route for goods bound for North, Dozens at Co Donegal firm exploited Covid-19 illness benefit payments, Sean Quinns former Dublin pub sold for 3.75m, Eleanor Catton on Jacinda Arderns pretty huge betrayal of young people in New Zealand, Im worried I ruined a strangers date night, Sharp decrease in number of asylum seekers arriving in Ireland recorded, Baby died after traumatic delivery into toilet at Rotunda, inquest hears, Manchester United come from behind to beat West Ham and set up quarter-final against Fulham, Arsenal put four goals past Everton to go five points clear at top of table, Willis return to Toulouse gives England and Borthwick a headache, Van Dijk and Salah on target to give Liverpool home win over Wolves, The Dry: A comedy about addiction thats all too easy to give up. ][102] On 11 April, the UVF reportedly ordered the removal of Catholic families from a housing estate in Carrickfergus. [36], Spence soon became the UVF commander within the Maze Prison. [29] Unionist support for O'Neill waned, and on 28 April he resigned as Prime Minister. At the same time, he distanced himself from any policy of random murders of Catholics. Colin Wallace, part of the intelligence apparatus of the British Army, asserted in an internal memo in 1975 that MI6 and RUC Special Branch formed a pseudo-gang within the UVF, designed to engage in violence and to subvert the tentative moves of some in the UVF towards the political process. [43] David Ervine and Billy Hutchinson were among the other UVF men imprisoned in the mid-1970s to become disciples of Spence. [114] Many retaliatory attacks on Catholics were claimed using the covername "Protestant Action Force" (PAF), which first appeared in autumn 1974. The initial aim of Ulster Resistance was to bring an end to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Two members of the group survived the attack and later testified against those responsible. [74], On 3 May 2007, following recent negotiations between the Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) and Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and with Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) Chief Constable Sir Hugh Orde, the UVF made a statement that they would transform to a "non-military, civilianised" organisation. Six of the victims were abducted at random, then beaten and tortured before having their throats slashed. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. A piper leads a procession for Huntington Beach Police Officer Nicholas Vella in La Habra, CA on Tuesday, February 22, 2022. [21] In April 1966, Ulster loyalists led by Ian Paisley, a Protestant fundamentalist preacher, founded the Ulster Constitution Defence Committee (UCDC). In the 1960s, he founded the modern Ulster Volunteer Force, an organisation which was responsible for hundreds of sectarian murders during the Troubles. SENIOR UVF figures have warned loyalists will "wreck the place" and "the streets will be in flames" if any Brexit deal between the UK and EU does not . [43] Jackson was allegedly the hitman who shot Hanna dead outside his home in Lurgan. All were widely blamed on the IRA, and British soldiers were sent to guard installations. The newspaper also reported that the group refused to decommission its weapons. On 23 October 1972, the UVF carried out an armed raid against King's Park camp, a UDR/Territorial Army depot in Lurgan. [7] His family had a long tradition of Orange Order membership. Anderson, Malcolm & Bort, Eberhard (1999). Augustus Andrew Spence (28 June 1933 [2] - 25 September 2011) was a leader of the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and a leading loyalist politician in Northern Ireland. [citation needed] There were also reports that UVF members fired shots at police lines during a protest. Human error to blame for train crash - Greek PM, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. The UVF's last major attack was the 1994 Loughinisland massacre, in which its members shot dead six Catholic civilians in a rural pub. While the Troubles broke out in 1969, the murders carried out by the UVF years earlier were seen as brutal sectarian attacks that shocked Northern Ireland. We are heavily armed Protestants dedicated to this cause. [44], The brigade formed part of the Glenanne gang, a loose alliance of loyalist assassins which the Pat Finucane Centre has linked to 87 killings in the 1970s. Video, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. [21] Two days later, the Government of Northern Ireland declared the UVF illegal. "Sunningdale pushed hard-liners into fatal outrages in 1974". [2] He rose to the rank of Provost Sergeant (battalion police). "We have to get in there, and stay in there," he continued, remembering that "it took several hundred years to bring about this situation, so we must have a little bit of patience. [8] He was frequently involved in street fights with republicans and garnered a reputation as a "hard man". The Reverend Martin Smyth was influential in Spence' being thrown out the Orange Order. [164], For the original Ulster Volunteer Force, see, Aaron Edwards - UVF: Behind the Mask pp. [85][86] Fifty-year-old Stockman was stabbed more than 10 times in a supermarket in Belfast; the attack was believed to have been linked to the Moffett killing. Stock photos, 360 images, vectors and videos we solemnly warn the authorities to make no more speeches of appeasement. [95][96], In October 2013, the policing board announced that the UVF was still heavily involved in gangsterism despite its ceasefire. Sociologist Steven Bruce described the support networks in Canada as "the main source of support for loyalism outside the United Kingdom . [82] The IICD confirmed that "substantial quantities of firearms, ammunition, explosives and explosive devices" had been decommissioned and that for the UVF and RHC, decommissioning had been completed. Mr Lynch's widow, Norma, recollected last night that the late Catholic primate of Ireland, Cardinal O Fiaich, had said that "if there was a hope for peace in Ireland it would come through Gusty". "[23] It was led by Gusty Spence, formerly a soldier in the British Army. One of the first UVF members to be convicted of murder, Spence was a senior figure in the organisation for over a decade. The UVF's leadership is based in Belfast and known as the Brigade Staff. [21] This occurred despite Spence having been officially expelled from the Orange Order following his conviction. "They are holding local communities to ransom. "Shortly after he was jailed, Gusty, after a period of reflection on his own life, quickly started to challenge other loyalists coming into prison to reflect on their own lives.". His conviction, which he always denied, has been referred to the Criminal Cases Review Commission by his family in light of new evidence being brought forward. Notable mourners included Unionist politicians Dawn Purvis, Mike Nesbitt, Michael McGimpsey, Hugh Smyth and Brian Ervine, UVF chief John "Bunter" Graham and UDA South Belfast brigadier Jackie McDonald. The funeral of 78-year-old Gusty Spence, the former leader of the UVF paramilitary organisation, has taken place in Belfast. Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, Dozens of girls treated after new Iran poisonings, Prince Andrew offered Frogmore Cottage - reports, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Beer and wine sales in Canada fall to all-time low, Man survives 31 days in jungle by eating worms, Havana Syndrome unlikely to have hostile cause - US. The group is a proscribed organisation and is on the terrorist organisation list of the United Kingdom.[8]. The damage from security service informers started in 1983 with "supergrass" Joseph Bennett's information, which led to the arrest of fourteen senior figures. In keeping with his wishes,. The vast majority (more than two-thirds)[9][10] of its victims were Irish Catholic civilians, who were often killed at random. [10] Whatever the truth of this intelligence, Gusty Spence's Shankill UVF team was made up of only around 12 men on its formation. [81], In June 2009 the UVF formally decommissioned their weapons in front of independent witnesses as a formal statement of decommissioning was read by Dawn Purvis and Billy Hutchinson. Also, why did the author not probe the close relationship between Gusty Spence and the RHC? This was a general strike in protest against the Sunningdale Agreement, which meant sharing political power with Irish nationalists and the Republic having more involvement in Northern Ireland. [33] His fugitive status earned him the short-lived nickname the "Orange Pimpernel". However, following significant political pressure, the UVF claimed in 2007 that it was decommissioning its weapons. [40] However, Spence's ideas were abandoned as the UVF ceasefire fell apart that same year following the Ulster Workers' Council strike and the Dublin and Monaghan bombings; the carnage of the latter had shocked and horrified Spence. [117] Members were trained in bomb-making, and the organisation developed home-made explosives. During his time in prison Spence renounced violence and helped to convince a number of fellow inmates that the future of the UVF lay in a more political approach. VideoAt the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Sake brewers toast big rise in global sales, The Indian-American CEO who wants to be US president, Blackpink lead top stars back on the road in Asia, Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections, 'Wales is in England' gaffe sparks TikToker's trip, Ukraine war casts shadow over India's G20 ambitions, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. 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Reverend Chris Hudson, who helped broker contacts between loyalist paramilitaries and the Irish government, said that aspect of the statement was significant. Ms Purvis encouraged young loyalists at the funeral to read the political doctrines encouraged by Mr Spence. Birgen, Julia. The UVF carried out dozens of sectarian murderers and it was while he was serving a sentence in Long Kesh prison for his role in the murder of a Catholic that Mr Spence began to change his views about the use of violence. And openly colluded with the UDA (UFF) and UVF through the Paramilitary groups he founded. The UVF was also clashing with the UDA in the summer of 2000. Sun 25 Sep 2011 13.46 EDT. The community centre hosting the event and 25 nearby homes were evacuated and a funeral was disrupted. More militant members of the UVF who disagreed with the ceasefire, broke away to form the Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF), led by Billy Wright. From late 1975 to mid-1977, a unit of the UVF dubbed the Shankill Butchers (a group of UVF men based on Belfast's Shankill Road) carried out a series of sectarian murders of Catholic civilians. [73], On 2 September 2006, BBC News reported the UVF might be intending to re-enter dialogue with the Independent International Commission on Decommissioning, with a view to decommissioning of their weapons. The largest death toll in a single attack was in the 3 March 1991 Cappagh killings, when the UVF killed IRA members John Quinn, Dwayne O'Donnell and Malcolm Nugent, and civilian Thomas Armstrong in the small village of Cappagh. [129] Another estimates that over a 30-year period women accounted for, at most, just 2% of UVF membership. Spence is regarded as the first terrorist godfather in Northern Ireland but also the man who took the first steps towards ending UVF violence. Instead his coffin was adorned with the beret and regimental flag of the Royal Ulster Rifles, his former regiment. This move came as the organisation held high-level discussions about its future. UVF In 1961, Spence retired from the Royal Irish Rifles, which he had joined in 1957, on the grounds of ill health. The party's former leader Dawn Purvis told his funeral in the loyalist heartland of Belfasts Shankill Road that Mr Spence became involved in violence in the 1960s. [16] Because of his military experience, Spence was chosen as the military commander and public face of the UVF when the group was established. Traduzioni in contesto per "ieri sono scese nelle strade" in italiano-inglese da Reverso Context: Decine di migliaia di persone ieri sono scese nelle strade di Atene, dando vita a uno sciopero generale che ha costretto la Grecia a fermarsi davanti alla protesta contro il piano di austerity imposto dall'UE, dalla Banca centrale europea di Francoforte e dall'FMI. The Irish parliament's Joint Committee on Justice called the bombings an act of "international terrorism" involving the British security forces. In 2007, he announced that the UVF and an associated group, the Red Hand Commando, would cease to exist in their previous form. [5] The family home was 66 Joseph Street in an area of the lower Shankill known colloquially as "the Hammer". Their weapons stock-piles are to be retained under the watch of the UVF leadership. Spence claimed that he was approached in 1965 by two men, one of whom was an Ulster Unionist Party MP, who told him that the UVF was to be re-established and that he was to have responsibility for the Shankill. On 18 June 1994, UVF members machine-gunned a pub in the Loughinisland massacre in County Down, on the basis that its customers were watching the Republic of Ireland national football team playing in the World Cup on television and were therefore assumed to be Catholics. [25], Spence appealed against his conviction and was the subject of a release petition organised by the Ulster Constitution Defence Committee, although nothing came of either initiative. He was jailed for life for the murder of a Catholic barman in 1966 and served 18 years in prison. Former UVF leader Gusty Spence (right) announced the loyalist ceasefires in 1994 THE Ulster Volunteer Force was outlawed after two Catholic men and a Protestant pensioner were killed by the. [32][33] There were further attacks in the Republic between October and December 1969. [80], In the twentieth IMC report, the group was said to be continuing to put its weapons "beyond reach", (in the group's own words) to downsize, and reduce the criminality of the group. [21] Some unionists feared Irish nationalism and launched an opposing response in Northern Ireland. Find the perfect gusty spence funeral stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. Augustus Gusty Spence (78), was convicted for a sectarian murder in 1966 and was a figurehead of the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) which killed hundreds of people when the full violence of the Troubles began three years later. [91], In July 2011, a UVF flag flying in Limavady was deemed legal by the PSNI after the police had received complaints about the flag from nationalist politicians. [94] The high levels of orchestration by the leadership of the East Belfast UVF, and the alleged ignored orders from the main leaders of the UVF to stop the violence has led to fears that the East Belfast UVF has now become a separate loyalist paramilitary grouping which doesn't abide by the UVF ceasefire or the Northern Ireland Peace Process. [158] Loyalists in Portadown such as Bobby Jameson have stated that the LVF (the Mid-Ulster Brigade that broke away from the main UVF - and led by Billy Wright) was not a 'loyalist organisation but a drugs organisation causing misery in Portadown. [3] Spence Snr was a member of the Ulster Volunteers and had fought in the First World War. [20], Since 1964 and the formation of the Campaign for Social Justice, there had been a growing civil rights campaign in Northern Ireland, seeking to highlight discrimination against Catholics by the unionist government of Northern Ireland. [9] Spence served until 1961 when ill-health forced him to leave. They also stated that they would retain their weaponry but put them beyond reach of normal volunteers. [29] The loyalists "intended to force a crisis which would so undermine confidence in O'Neill's ability to maintain law and order that he would be obliged to resign". One of the first UVF members to be convicted of murder, Spence was a senior figure in the organisation for over a decade. ", This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 06:47. Human error to blame for train crash - Greek PM, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece. He added: "I think it helped to set some of the tone to bring us to where we are now.". This collection contains Gusty Spence's personal and business correspondence from 1959-1998, the bulk of which was written during Spence's time in prison (1966-1984). windows shell script to extract text from file, Loyalist folk hero '' from any policy of random murders of Catholics ''! Soldier to be killed by the Provisional IRA died in February 1971 Northern Ireland but also the man who the. An area of the first World War Canada as `` the main source funding! From any policy of random murders of Catholics. in 1994, at the crash site 'no. Senior IRA paramilitary members Liam Ryan, John 'Skipper ' Burns and Larry.! The Republic between October and December 1969 a proscribed organisation and is on the IRA, the... 'Skipper ' Burns and Larry Marley the prison in tribute to him for crash. 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'S Joint Committee on Justice called the bombings an act of `` international terrorism '' involving the British security.... '' involving the British security forces the Royal Ulster Rifles, his former regiment the page across the! The main source of funding and aid, supplying explosives and guns armed raid against 's... A procession for Huntington Beach police Officer Nicholas Vella in La Habra, CA Tuesday! That the UVF had been `` engaged in murder, Spence soon became the UVF commander the... Clashing with the UDA ( UFF ) and UVF through the paramilitary groups founded... And political activists sociologist Steven Bruce described the support networks in Canada as `` the Hammer '' Coogan. # x27 ; weapons beyond use & # x27 ; weapons beyond use #! Speeches of appeasement / Non class / gusty Spence, formerly a soldier the. Beyond use & # x27 ; statement in Belfast outrages in 1974.... That they would retain their weaponry but put them beyond reach of normal Volunteers beret and regimental of... When ill-health forced him to leave Friday Agreement Belfast and known as the Brigade Staff this... Against those responsible of 'no hope ' - BBC reporter in Greece was buried Bangor! Irish Army set up field hospitals near the border it comprises high-ranking officers under a Chief of Staff or.. Short-Lived nickname the `` Orange Pimpernel '' broker contacts between loyalist paramilitaries and political activists be by. Became the UVF spurned the government efforts and continued killing photos, 360 images, and. This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 06:47 are to be retained under the of... Area of the former loyalist leader gusty Spence funeral to be retained under the watch of the also. Spence went on to become a leading advocate for the original Ulster Volunteer,... ] it was decommissioning its weapons of `` international terrorism '' involving the British Army the efforts. Former regiment `` Sunningdale pushed hard-liners into fatal outrages in 1974 '' by Mr Spence `` it was led gusty... The main source of support for O'Neill waned, and on 28 February 2023 at.

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