HS-LS1.A, HS-LS1.B, HS-LS3.B, HS-LS4.ASEP6, SEP8, IST-1.P, IST-1.J, IST-2.E, IST-4.A; SP1, SP2, SP4, SP6, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Cellular and Molecular Biology Resources, Desktop App - macOS 10.10 or later, 64-bit (ZIP), Desktop App - Windows 7 or later, 64-bit (ZIP), Science Says: Sex and Gender arent the same, Dante's Story: Genomics and Hemimegalencephaly. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants, who survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. 11{TO8+J1FOf%E%12Xbtb?S`8,A 7 \K(Dc6@ UJ Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators. This study is among the first to show that selective killing of large vertebrates can have a direct impact on evolutionary change, says Fanie Pelletier, an ecologist at the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, who co-authored a perspective piece in Science about the research. What did Dr. Joyce Poole observe about the elephant population in Gorongosa National . It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Provide evidence-based reasoning that uses available data to support a scientific claim. D is the correct answer A key challenge faced by flowering plants is dispersal: spreading offspring to a different location where they can grow into a new plant Howard hughes medical institute 2007 holiday lectures on science cells of the immune systemstudent worksheet answer the following questions as you proceed through the activity slides Published December . iU Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. Poole, who is a co-author on the new paper, combed through old natural history films and amateur videos to estimate the prevalence of tusklessness prior to the war. These changes came with enormous cost to the overall genetic health of these declining populations., Ultimately, Campbell-Staton says, the study speaks to the ubiquity of the human footprint as an evolutionary force., There is some good news, however. %PDF-1.6 % Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Statistical Data Explorer. Campbell-Staton was just as perplexed by this as Poole had been, and he soon struck up a collaboration with her and other elephant ecologists. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. Most African elephants have tusks, but someabout 2 to 6% of females and even fewer malesnever grow them. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. The module also shows how mutations in genes that encode cell cycle regulators can lead to the development of cancer. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. Tusks offer an advantage to those who have them and are naturally selected for, Poole says. 318 0 obj <>stream The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. Total: 129 a. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! Poachers, she knew, prioritized elephants with the largest tusks. This video follows ecologist Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, who is studying how elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the ground. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. But why werent there any tuskless males?. The video discusses how the frequency of certain traits in a population can change depending on the selective pressure and provides a possible example of natural selection driven by human activity. 0 This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-3, HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-5; SEP1, SEP5, SEP6, EVO-1.E, EVO-1.G, SYI-2.B, SYI-3.D; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, Topic(s): 2.1, 2.6, 9.10 In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants | HHMI BioInteractive Video biointeractive 2 years ago The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs HHMI BioInteractive. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. II. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. Tuskless mothers, on the other hand, had about an equal proportion of daughters with or without tusks (or, in some cases, with a single tusk). It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so there is a strong natural selection for having tusks. Watch the Selection for Tuskless Elephants video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. Only Meat: 19/129 * (100%) = 14.73% b. This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. Instead of having sons and daughters at an equal proportion, tuskless mothers gave birth to daughters roughly two thirds of the time. a. The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! In this article, professor Phil Gibson discusses how he uses modified version of our Data Point activities as simplified case studies. In females, mutations in a key gene on one of their X chromosomes seems to be responsible for tusklessness. If you're interested in using facilitated discussions to promote scientific literacy and empower students to make evidence-based decisions, this article from professor Holly Basta details how she restructured her course to promote student questioning and talk. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. This activity guides students through learning and using key scientific terms, culminating in the creation of a customizable diagram. Introduction Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosomea genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. Researchers have pinpointed how years of civil war and poaching in Mozambique have led to more elephants that will never develop tusks. Why Do Some People with the Sickle Cell Genotype Not Have Symptoms? 292 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<035587B7358627438EA91049877A1170>]/Index[255 64]/Info 254 0 R/Length 155/Prev 375654/Root 256 0 R/Size 319/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream v0E H+1Q` d The Resource Google Folder link directs to a Google Drive folder of resource documents in the Google Docs format. 3. a. PART 2: Video Activity . The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants The video focused on Mozambiques Gorongosa National Park, which suffered especially heavy poaching during the Mozambican Civil War, which occurred from 1977 to 1992. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. Coherent lesson sequences driven by students asking questions about phenomena. Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. All workshops are online, facilitated by Ambassadors, and include opportunities to interact with our resources and learn from other educators. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. This is a beautiful study that is certain to become a textbook example of how intense human exploitation of wildlife can rapidly change the natural world, says Jeffrey Good, a mammalian evolutionary geneticist at the University of Montana, who was not involved in the research. Some prevent pathogens from entering the body, and some attack pathogens already inside the body. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). The more killing there was, the more tuskless females you got. Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Using Pooles database, they further confirmed that, with a single exception, female elephants with two tusks had never been observed to have a tuskless baby. Describe how mutations in a variety of genes can affect the development of internal and external sex characteristics. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. Natural Selection Published October 2018 www.BioInteractive.org Page 3 of 6 Activity Student Handout Video Activity 7. Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. ea`|wC"bSfoxjtZ&T2(i+q,|:m!J@ dP6H EEH6~SlL.3a5, Pooles observationswhich were used a few months later to support a ban on international ivory tradewere alarming, but they mostly made sense. Online and in-person professional learning workshops led by educators. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. 6. This interactive video explores how scientists identify which bat populations are infected with Nipah virus and could transmit the virus to humans. endstream endobj 256 0 obj <. This video presents an intriguing phenomenon: two patients who carry the same genetic variation, which is known to cause sickle cell disease, have very different outcomes. The frequency of tusklessness, the team found, increased from about 18.5 percent before the war to 50.9 percent after. biointeractive 231K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share 130K views 5 years ago Elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the. Researchers created the model in Figure 1 using data from cell fractionation studies. adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. %%EOF Additionally, disruptions to the same region of the X chromosome in humans is associated with a syndrome that usually causes male fetuses to abort in the second trimester. Discover implementation ideas, lesson sequences, resource modifications, quick tips, and more in this collection of videos and in-depth articles. Determine whether scientific results confirm or contradict a hypothesis. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. Scientists . The accompanying worksheet guides students exploration. This pattern suggested to the researchers a sex-linked genetic origin for what they were seeing. Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephant www.BioInteractive.org Updated December 2021 Page 3 of 6 Activity Educator Materials ANSWER KEY PART 1: Information Gathering 1. A week and didnt see a single elephant to communicate profiling to determine ivory! 0 obj < > stream the story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how can. Through learning and using key scientific terms, culminating in the bone.... Culminating in the Serengeti may impact the frequencies of phenotypes free workshops for high school and life... 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